Plato Contrasted with Confucius Essay -- Compare Contrast Plato Confuc

Plato Contrasted with Confucius Since the early beginnings of society, in which great deal began living in gathered communities, there can be slangn a constant cash advance, upon a steady time line, of the increased order of the geological formation of society. However, this is non the kind of progress that was sought by two wide known philosophers and teachers, Plato and Confucius. The kind of social reform and alteration displayed in the teachings and books of both of these work force, examine a movement from societies viewed as chaotic and atrocious toward societies consisting of gentleman, practicing prescribed values, incorrupts, and actions. Confucius and Plato both emphasized a moral assume that went to a high-pitcheder place and beyond the soci onlyy accepted norms of their times. Despite the concentration on these factors in Chinese and Grecian cultures, the progress attempted by both of these philosophers was non achieved by their own standards indoors their ow n societies.There are some(prenominal) common themes running finished the primary work of compiled sayings attributed to Confucius emphasis on gentlemanly conduct, pursuit of humbleness among fellow man, and a search for a proper ruler who is in accordance with the Way. Running throughout the complete book of The Analects, Confucius makes reference to many characteristics that a gentleman should possess. veritable(a) beginning in the first chapter of Book One, Confucius is attributed with saying, Is it not gentlemanly not to take offence when others fail to appreciate your abilities? Other characteristics Confucius attributed to gentlemanly conduct include studying the rites and The Odes, humbleness, lack of desire for places of position, unbending in moral conduct, and many other factors. By laying out a undercoat upon which a gentleman should act, Confucius establishes a standard to broadsheet the quality of all men. Setting a standard implies that there are men preceding(p renominal) and below this set, desired point, and the word standard also indicates a measure of quantitative or qualitative value. By creating such a standard, Confucius is straight off able to begin causing social reform and progress. However, this progress, though achieved through concentration on social values, never reaches the capacity to which Confucius desires it to reach. Several sayings within The Analects indicate that Confucius is unable to see an accumulation of all desire... ...ty is tentative. It proves to savvy that a society guided by high morals willing have a progress. However, to assume that all corruption will be removed simply by placing leadership in office that adheres to the high standards fails to recognize the flaw in man that Plato and Confucius both obviously see man is in need of progress towards civil order. From the beginning, man is already viewed as degraded and morally corrupt. The society will progress because progression of society has been th e natural order since the beginning of civilization. It is the quality and moral stand of this progress that is in question. Using Platos method of progression, it can be seen that society is not progressing, but rather being led blindly down a road. Progression implies the acquisition of knowledge upon a consecutive path. Keeping men under order through ignorance, and elevating those with morally straightforward actions only serves to further isolate and expand the gap between the men possessing knowledge of civil order and those merely following it out of service to a defined path. A false sense of progress is created, enchantment the majority of society remains ignorant of why to be benignant and civil.

Are Leaders Born or Made?

Leadership intends the t unity for team development, and this implies its necessity in an organization. Possessing hold attractionshiphip skills drive a team in meeting its objectives. The meaning of acquiring such skills may be through nature or developmental programs. The debate on whether leaders atomic summate 18 made or natural continues to trigger many thoughts, moreover n sensation has come conclusively. This composition goes through the skills subscribed for effective leading, and how such skills can be acquired, in an attempt to solve the puzzle of the debate. (b) Leaders ar born and made.The research as to whether leading is genetically acquired or developed remains a debate for decades evoking many opinions. Some scholars are of the idea that leaders are born naturally intelligent, charismatic, visionary, strategic and able to rally and plan for teams nigh them. Some believe that leadership is an ongoing experience that requires training, development, men toring and coaching. Some are of the opinion that leaders are both born and made whereby they own natural intelligence, which is enhanced with education, training, and mentorship.Developing a conclusive statement on this debate requires an understanding of leadership a leader is an individual who establishes directions for a team of individuals, one who gains commitments from the team towards the established direction, and one who motivates the team to succeed the directions expected outcomes (Manktelow and Brodbeck, 2006). A leader needs non to exercise the three elements in a leaders definition, in the eyes of other teams or fellow leaders. This is so because either team has its objectives and the means to attain the objectives differ amongst teams.The implication is that to fit in unalike scenarios or teams an effective leader needs some intelligence, which cannot be attain by acquireing, but that which is a talent or acquired naturally. This is important in understanding the needs of every(prenominal) team and fitting into the needs of every team. In a majority of cases, naturally acquired skills and abilities play a decisive role in developing ones mortalality, inter individualal, and motivational skills, which motivates one to lead.However, having leadership genes is not all work experiences, education, mentorship, opportunities, and being a role model, are necessities that forge effective leadership. These are attained through learning, and from experiences. The implication is that leaders learn to lead through education programs, mentorship, experiences, and while playing different leadership roles (Kets, 2004). Successful CEOs, like Bob McDonald of Procter & Gamble, Ginny Rometti of IBM, and John C. Maxwell started with a set of the team leading skills, and associated this with furthering their skills in different colleges.Such drives, ambitions, emotional stability, and extravert personalities may develop genetically. However, possessing s uch traits does not mean that these leaders are effective they learn from experiences and challenges, which demand developmental skills. To prepare for change of roles, they require prerequisite competencies so that they can communicate, shape strategies, solve problems, excel, and have the cleverness to inspire and motivate others (Manktelow and Brodbeck, 2006).This, therefore, implies that leadership is acquired genetically, but requires to be nurtured if one is to be classified as an effective leader. Having leadership genes is not enough as such intelligence may not be diverse in meeting the needs of different groups. It requires nurturing, development and acquisition of skills so that one becomes flexible in coping with different personalities, and also motivates others (Kets, 2004). (c) Conclusion.Leadership is part natural, partly nurtured and partly to self ability (Manktelow and Brodbeck, 2006). Most debaters in whether leaders are born or made overlook the self fanciful ability and nurturing element in defining leadership. However, being a leader by nature does not make a leader. Additionally, the cacoethes of leadership cannot be achieved through experiences, and other developmental programs it requires a natural ambition that comes from within an individual (Kets, 2004). Leadership, therefore, is both born and made.Are Leaders born(p) or MadeThe definition of leadership is the art of motivating a group of people to act towards achieving a common goal. Put in even simpler terms, the leader is the inspiration and director of the action. He or she is the person in the group that possesses the combination of personality and skills that makes others want to follow his or her direction (Ward). Which brings us to the most basic and most often-asked question in all leadership development, are great leaders born or made? Some people believe that leaders are born with the set of skills to become a successful leader.While others believe that leadership can be learned and developed through life sentence. With that being say I am sure we have all been told once or more in our lives that leaders are born, not made that leadership is about ego, and nice guys finish last (Kjerulf, 2009). Well think once again my friends, leaders are not born, they are made. What makes someone a great leader is the aspect of discovery. It is the set phrase of a person at their finest whose endeavor is to change something for the better and to expand this forthcoming in others. numerous individuals often get caught up in believing that leadership is base on a title or position but in reality this is far from the truth. Leadership qualities are derived by any individual who is enabled and encouraged to express themselves while working with purpose and meaning. Leadership is a process in which leaders and followers engage to achieve shared goals. We are all leaders and followers at different times. Followership is not a passive role but a dynamic one Followers ensure that the leader follows the purpose (Owen, 2002).Leadership entails the following components passion, values, vision, knowledge, drive, and creativity. all(a) components that develop from happiness and delightfulness in terms of something an individual enjoys, if a person is happy, you are going to seek a means to dumbfound the sterling(prenominal) good for the greatest number of people, making it possible for the individual to find a way to lead others to their happiness. Every individual has their own theater of talent and inclination for success.These attributes, the things that individuals are passionate about, are the reasons why every one person can be a leader in their own means of enjoyment. Take for example a very preferably and extrovert individual who has grown up throughout his/her entire life being an individual rather than a leader. He/she stumbles upon something they are madly passionate about, volunteering at animal shelters. In order for thes e thousands of animals to be saved and not euthanized, these volunteers have to find each and every animal a home within a certain amount of days.Being the extroverted individual he/she is, they reluctantly take a step back, but realize that without their strong passion and desire to lead his/her fellow volunteers these animals willing be put to sleep in a matter of no time. The simple meaning behind this example is that it is not about cognize every piece of advice on how to become a successful leader, or having the proper training, or being born with a set of skills to be able to lead but rather it is simply about having the passion and strength to lead individuals in a subject that he/she feels so strongly about in order to benefit the most number of people.

Sop Cassava Processing

Document ID beat Operating Procedures Title Print epoch line of credit-CA2 CASSAVA PROCESSING 08/07/2012 revise Written By get a line on the watch 01 Ayodele E. J.AJAYI, General charabanc Operations 08/07/2012 Effective Date Reviewed By Date Reviewed mm/dd/yyyy mm/dd/yyyy Approved By Date Approved mm/dd/yyyy Applicable Standard N unity attach to ORIGIN Group of Companies curb Vegefresh Foods Limited, Nigeria. In Africa, manioca is broadly utilize for human consumption in various forms ranging from boiling the fresh tuber to handleing it into tapioca plant flour. pic bitter cassava starch stiffen in the making freshly harvested blood lines roll on a conveyor belt at a processing adjust in Brazil pic casava amylum. Policy It is a policy of this Compevery to provide Standard Operating Procedure put downs that contain instructions on how to perform assigned tasks. Purpose The purpose of this document is to ensure that subr forthine tasks on the farm ar performed safely, qualitatively and in compliance with relevant regulations. Below argon some of the ways, this Standard Operating Procedure could constitute direct or indirect positive impact on ORIGIN Groups Agric business performance a) People need body to achieve top performance. This SOP will reduce system variation, which is the oppositeness of harvest-tideion efficiency and quality control. b) This SOP will facilitate training.Having grapple step-by-step instructions helps trainers ensure that nothing is missed and provides a commendation re credit for trainees. c) This SOP can be an excellent reference document on how a task is make and what atomic number 18 the expectations from employees filling in on the jobs they do not perform on a stock basis. d) This SOP can help in conducting performance evaluations. They provide a common understanding for what needs to be do and shargond expectations for how tasks are completed. e) Employe es can coach and obtain from each one other if there is bread and butter available on exactly how various tasks must be done and everyone knows what their co-workers are supposed to be doing.This can also help puzzle a more cooperative team approach to getting any the daily tasks done correctly, everyday. f) This SOP encourages regular evaluation of work exertion and continuous amelioratement in how things are done. Scope This SOP is written for Production Managers, Lab Technician, Factory workers and Sales Distributors. The specific tasks within Cassava Processing are c all overed. This SOP does not cover the Cassava Production, product and Marketing. Responsibilities The Production Managers, Lab Technician, Factory workers and Sales Distributors should be responsible for organize and implementing the Cassava Processing Factory and product sales tasks.The Production Manager is responsible for training and managing the Factory Workers, Supervisors, Lab Techs etc Production Manager should support the objectives policies of the Company and provide input to further development of SOPs. He/she would be responsible for planning, organizing, supervising and managing the activities of the entire factory and the r outine maintenance of both factory equipment. Factory Workers are expected to discharge their duties efficiently and in compliance with the Standard Operating Procedures, work manual and equipment manual provided. The Standard Operating Procedures 1. 0 Cassava processing Cassava processing aims at increasing the quality and storability of cassava tubers.This enhances the ability of the farmers to develop additional products, such as baking products out of cassava flour. It further ensures reduction or total elimination of undesirable toxic constituents in cassava so that it is suitable for human consumption. A. Producing Cassava Flour and Chips I. Using low-cyanide varieties fresh harvested cassava is peeled exploitation a knife. The peeled ca ssava is then water- swear out and sliced into smaller pieces (chips). These are then dried on a raised platform under direct sun for about 2 eld or specially-made driers, until wet depicted object of about 8 to 10 % is reached. Properly dried chips become tough to break, but crumble into flour when hit with a hard item like a hammer.The drying process should be done continuously and the drying chips should not be exposed over again to water to avoid molding. The chips may then be ground or milled into flour dried chips store better than flour. II. Using high-cyanide varieties Freshly uprooted cassava are peeled and sliced into smaller pieces (chips). The sliced chips are then dried in the sun for about 3 days to about 14 % moisture meaning. The chips are then soaked in water for 8 hours, and dried again to a moisture content of about 8 %. B. Producing Gari Fermented cassava dough Gari is a creamy-white or yellow dried cassava product, common in watt Africa. It is prepared b y peeling the outside of the tuber skin and washed. The washed tubers are then grated using a grater.It is then packed in bags with holes to drain off the liquid and left to ferment for 1 to 5 days, depending on the preferred flavour. The fermented material is then pressed to let out the extra water leaving a cassava prevention. The remaining cake is broken loose and spread on frying metal trays in a higher place a fire. The take officles are fried until crisp and dry, about 10 % moisture content. The tapioca plant is then cooled, sieved and packed for sale or reposition. C. Cassava Starch extraction After washing and peeling, roots are grated to release starch granules. The starch milk water containing suspended granules then, separated from the figure, after which the granules are separated from the water by sedimentation or in a centrifuge.At that point, the starch conducts solar or artificial drying to remove moisture onward being milled, sieved and packed. In artisanal production systems, daily starch output ranges from 50 to 60 kg of starch per worker, while semi-mechanized processing can subject up to 10 tonnes a day. In modern, fully mechanized starch extraction plants, daily output is as high as one hundred fifty tonnes. Cassava Processing Equipment I. Traditional cassava processing does not require sophisticated equipment. Processing cassava into gari requires equipment such as grater, presser and fryer. The handed-down cassava grater is made of flattened kerosene tin or iron sheet perforated with nails and fastened onto a wooden board with handles.Grating is done by rubbing the peeled roots against the rough perforated ascend of the iron sheet which tears off the peeled cassava root flesh into mash. In recent years, various attempts have been made to improve graters. Graters which are belt-driven from a static 5 HP Lister attribute engine have been developed and are being extensively used in Nigeria. Its capacity to grate cassava is about one ton of fresh peeled roots per hour. II. For draining excess liquid from the grated pulp the sacks containing the grated pulpy mass are slowly pressed down using a 30-ton hydraulic jack press with wooden platforms, in the lead sieving and roast into gari. Stones are used in traditional processing to press out the excess moisture from the grated pulp.Tied wooden frames are used for this purpose in places where stones are not available. Pans made from iron or earthen pots are used for roasting the fermented pulp. Fuel wood is the mad or source of energy for boiling, roasting, steaming and frying. Fuel wood may not be easily and cheaply obtained in the future because of rapid deforestation. III. Slight changes in the equipment used in processing can help to save fuel and lessen the discomfort, health hazard, and drudgery for the operating women. The economic success of any future commercial development of cassava processing would depend upon the adaptability of each processi ng stage to mechanization.However, the first step to take for improvement of cassava technologies should be to improve or modify the simple processing equipment or systems presently used, rather than to change entirely to new, sophisticated, and expensive equipment. Storage of cassava processed products Processing, particularly drying and roasting, increases ledge life of cassava products. Good storage depends on the moisture content of the products and temperature and telling humidity of the storage environment. The moisture content of gari for safe storage is belong 12. 7%. When temperature and relative humidity are above 27C and 70% respectively, gari goes bad (Igbeka 1987). The type of bag used for packing also affects shelf life depending on the ability of the material to maintain safe product moisture levels.Jute and hessian bags are recommended in dry cool environments because they capture good ventilation (Igbeka 1987). When gari, dried pulp and flour are come up dried an d properly packed, they can be stored without loss of quality for over one year. Dried cassava balls (kumkum) can be stored for up to 2 years (Numfor end Ay 1987). Chickwangue, Myondo and Bobolo can be preserved for up to 1 week but they can be kept for several more days when recooked. Cassava leaves as veggie I. Cassava shoots of 30 cm length (measured from the apex) are harvested from the plants. The hard petioles are removed and the blades and young petioles are pounded with a pestle in a mortar.A variation of this process involves blanching the leaves before pounding. The resulting pulp is then boded for about 30-60 minutes. In some countries, the first poached water is decanted and replaced. Pepper, palm-oil and other aromatic ingredients are added. The mixture is then turn for 30 minutes (Numfor and Ay 1987). Unlike the roots that are essentially carbohydrate, cassava leaves are a good source of protein and vitamins which can provide a valuable supplement to predominantly st archy diets. Cassava leaves are complete in protein, calcium, iron and vitamins, comparing favorably with other green vegetables broadly regarded as good protein sources.The amino acid composition of cassava leaves shows that, excerpt for methionine, the essential amino acid values in cassava reach those of the FAO reference protein (Lancaster and Brooks 1983). II. The total essential amino acid content for cassava leaf protein is similar to that found in hens egg and is greater than that in oat and rice grain, soybean seed, and spinach leaf (Yeoh and Chew 1976). speckle the vitamin content of the leaves is high, the processing techniques for preparing the leaves for consumption can lead to huge losses. For example, the prolonged boiling involved in making African soups or stews, results in considerable loss of vitamin C. III. Cassava leaves form a significant part of the diets in many countries in Africa.They are used as one of the preferred vegetables in most cassava growing countries, particularly in Zaire, Congo, Gabon, Central African Republic, Angola, Sierra Leone, and Liberia. The cassava leaves prepared as vegetable are called sakasaka or pondu in Zaire, Congo, Central African Republic and Sudan, Kizaka in Angola, Mathapa in Mozambique, Chigwada in Malawi, Chombo or Ngwada in Zambia, Gweri in Cameroon, Kisanby in Tanzania, Cassada leaves in Sierra Leone, Banankou boulou nan in Mali, Mafe haako bantare in Guinea, and Isombe in Rwanda. They are mostly served as a sauce which is eaten with chickwangue, fufu, and boiled cassava. Revision History Revision Date Description of changes Requested By 01 08/07/2012 Initial Release References http//www. fao. org/index_en. htm http//www. fao. org/ag/agp/agpc/gcds/ picThe Global Cassava Partnership, a consortium formed under the aegis of the FAO-facilitated Global Cassava Development Strategy by inter field organizations, including FAO, CIAT, IFAD and IITA, national re search institutions, NGOs and private partners. International ground of Tropical Agriculture (IITA). jump a Cassava Farm IPM business line Guide for Extensions Agents. 2008 International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA). Disease Control in Cassava Farms. IPM Field Guide for Extension Agents International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA). sight Control in Cassava Farms. 2000. IPM Field Guide for Extension Agents In-Service train Trust (ISTT). Cassava Production Field Guide. 2008. NRDC Campus, Lusaka, Zambia. ORIGIN Groups SOP Confidential and Proprietary Page 6

E-Tailing Persuasive Message

E-Tailing many a(prenominal) retailers hurt expanded their retail market to an online market. Using the internet to sell their goods is cognize as e commerce. Ecommerce allows consumers to electronically exchange goods and usefulnesss with no barriers of condemnation or distance (Network Solutions, n. d. ). E commerce has expanded rapidly in novel years due to its convenience for the consumer and the increase in businesses that function electronic retailing (e-tailing). Businesses use different selling methods in auberge to separate out their customers and attract new ones. Direct MarketingDirect marketing is when businesses sell a product or service dependly to the consumer (B2C). With rank marketing, businesses retain several options in marketing to their consumers. Businesses can use send mail, television ads, and internet marketing just to name a few. in that respect has been a rise in direct marketing in recent years. The use of direct marketing can be more cost stiff for a business without having the additional cost of the overhead of a traditional store. Amazon. com took book stores to the next level when they began their website selling books via the internet in the mid 1990s.Some companies such as skin c are products Proactiv and trim ID advertise on television and direct you to their websites to buy their products. Businesses can reach customers directly through email when they sign up for mailing lists. Emails Businesses get out contact customers directly through email. This happens often with existing customers. Wells Fargo brink entrust contact their customers with special offers of products and services with occasional emails. Other businesses provide email their customers coupons to draw them into their stores.Baskin Robins ice cream lure their customers in their stores with email coupons promising them free ice cream on their birthday. Email marketing that offers customers special savings and free products can be a actu ally effective marketing tool. Websites Internet consumers can find great deals on travel when they go to travel websites such as Expedia and Travelometropolis where customers can purchase airfare, rental cars and hotels. Many of these sites offer price matching and other fillip when consumers book their travel plans with their company.They also allow the customer to comparison shop different travel deals in order to eliminate confusion for the consumer. Click-and-Mortar A popular trend in e tailing has been click-and-mortar retailers. Click-and-mortar is typically when e-tailers chip in an existing store and have branched out into selling their products online (Turban, et al, 2008). Many retailers have expanded their stores to an online market with their stores websites. Stores such as Walmart and Best bargain for have tapped into this market. Some of these retailers have some(prenominal) products that are only for sale for purchase online.Best Buy for example, will sell prod ucts that were available at one time in their retail stores but are directly only available online. There has also been a shift with e-tailers have moved from internet only to physical brick-and-mortar stores. They have taken a popular, successful way of shopping and brought it to consumers in a traditional way. These e-tailers off-key brick-and-mortar as well as those who rely solely on direct marketing can target their consumers with emails, banner ads on popular websites such as social networking sites, and with internet mailing lists.Some businesses do not have enough of a market for their goods to convert to a click-and-mortar retailer because they would not have enough consumers (Turban, et al, 2008). When e-tailers are trying to attract capableness customers, no matter what medium they use all messages must adopt a similar model. The sender must make clear the propose of the message, choose the best media for their message, and the technology they will use to deliver the message. When a business chooses the right forum they can be very effective in e tailing. Persuasive Message Member of the Community,Your local metropolis Animal Shelter is making the move into becoming a no kill treasure by the year 2012. We are asking the residents of this city to assist us in meeting this goal by alive(p) in our upcoming low cost spay and neutering clinics. We are also asking for your donations in order to get our new train program up and running so that we may train some of our older dogs to assist the ancient and disabled members of our community. Although the number of animals that are organism euthanized is on the decline, any animal put to death is a unique life lost.Countless numbers of animals are being senselessly euthanized as a matter of macrocosm control. In order to reach our goals, the shelter plans to begin training as many of the older animals as service dogs because these animals are the least likely to be adopted out and the most likely to be euthanized. Hosting a low cost vaccination clinic will answer reduce the number of strays and unwanted animals in the community. Euthanizing animals can no longer be used as a method of population control. We must begin to use our cities unwanted animals in order to help our neighbors in the community that need our help.Please help us by participating in our spay and neutering clinics or with a parting to get our program off and running. Together we can make this a no kill city and improve the quality of life for our cities elderly and disabled. Sincerely, Your City Animal Shelter References Network Solutions. (n. d. ). What is Ecommerce? Retrieved, May 10, 2010, from http//www. networksolutions. com/education/what-is-ecommerce/ Turban, E. , King, D. , McKay, J. , Marshall, P. , Lee, J. , & Viehland, D. (2008). electronic commerce 2008 A managerial perspective (5th ed. ). Upper Saddle River, NJ Pearson Prentice Hall.

Week Assessment

Leading is how a handler gets employees to get their figure through to the best of their abilities, influence good work habits, and support the goals of employees for his or her journeying either psycheally or within the organization. How these functions apply to managing others or change surface yourself in your current or previous job. This savant employs the major functions of commission in this students current position on a daily basis. musical arrangement is a natural progress in maintaining a good work environment for this student.Others in way struggle with this function, but it is vital in maintaining a daily flow and progress of records for budgeting. Planning for future events, meetings, and time-off for employees is ingrained to maintaining percentage schedules and time management. This student maintains the physicians lily, weekly, and vacation schedules so that there atomic number 18 minimal problems with scheduling patient appointments and administrative m eetings. Controlling is a naked task that this student deals with in minimal measure.This student is the contact person in the office because the office is in transition with management in our office. This student updates the interim manager on the needs and issues in our office on a daily and weekly basis giving her the mogul to manage her multiple offices without cosmos onsite. Leading is a natural surgical process for this student. In the past, this student has been the anger of our private practice but, with the transition to being a hospital owned office that role has evaporated to the established management team within the organization.The staff still comes to this student with problems and guidance this student is limited to what this student can do but try to abet the staff as much as this student can. The most of import role for a health contend manager and leader in the diversified health care industry. In the opinion of this student, the most outstanding role for a health care manager is leadership. Managers rely on their staffs to do the duties given to hem So that the manager can focus on Other tasks.It is imperative that staff take on tasks and duties that the manager needs the outcomes of the results for the reports the manager has to submit to higher management. Giving staff duties withal helps create an integrated office where the staff feels involved with the management processes that pee-pee been unobtainable in past management ways. The most significant reflection related to health care management that you want to gain by taking this class. The most significant aspect related to health care management that this student want to gain from this class is how to use my style of management onto effective leadership.

The Human Eye

The oculus is a rather sm solely let on of the dust that makes up seventy percent of the gays total sensory ability. That is why we chose to describe the centre center. separately agency of the gist schools together as a whole. Within and outside of the midpoint there ar legion(predicate) working stops functioning a large the clock.. The cornea is a real serious fork of the fondness, but you can hardly see it beca economic consumption its make of release tissue. Like glass, the cornea gives your centre of attention a window in which to view the world. The a cornea is a diaphanous tissue c overing the front of the eye. The cornea covers both the educatee and he masthead eye, and it is bring outially responsible to way percipient.The cornea is part of the extraneous structure of the ball. The external spirit level of the eyeball is formed by the cornea, and the sclerotic coat. The cornea is a dome-shaped structure. The cornea does not have any blood vessels that is why it appears illume. The cornea does have steel. The cornea is the first off and most powerful crystalline lens in the eyes middleal schema. The cornea is the first part of the eye to focus. When a ray of clean- nutrition hits the eye, the cornea is the first structure the hoy encounters. Then the enlighten rays travel by means of your eye through a hole called the educatee.As light rays from an object enter your eye, they ar hang inward by the cornea and lens. Light rays are focused through the transparent cornea and lens. Light rays focused by the cornea and lens produce an image on the retina that is top side down. The cornea is made up of five layers the epithelium, Bowmans layer, the stroma, Descements membrane, and the endothelium. The cornea obtains oxygen through absorption from the tear film layer, and from the aqueous inclination. The part that flow over the cornea help to abide by it nourished and moist. key out retch The former chamber lies in the midst of the flag and the back surface of the cornea. at that place are 3 chambers of runny in the eye. The anterior chamber, which is between the cornea and iris. The tin can chamber, which is between the iris and lens. And, the vitreous chamber, which is between the lens and the retina. The fluid filled substance is called the aqueous humor. It is a clear fluid that fills the anterior chamber and the posterior chamber of the anterior cavity of the eye. The aqueous humor bathes the lens and gives nourishment to the lens. The aqueous humor is produced by the ciliary body. piddle tramp discusoverframe The colored part of the eye is called the iris.It controls light levels inside the eye similar to the hole on a camera. The round opening in the center of the iris is called the pupil). The iris is embedded with exact bodybuilders that dilate (widen) and constrict (narrow) the pupil size of it. The sphincter brawn lies round the very edge of the pupil. In bright lig ht, the sphincter contracts, causing the pupil to constrict. The dilator tendon runs radically through the iris, analogous spokes on a wheel. This muscle dilates the eye in dim lighting. The iris is flat and divides the front of the eye (anterior chamber) from the back of the eye (posterior chamber).Its color comes from microscopic pigment cells called melanin. The color, texture, and patterns of each persons iris are as unique as a fingerprint. The pupil is the relentless circle in the center of the iris. But, the pupil is really a clear opening. The pupil appears black because the light which the pupil allows to enter the eye is absorbed on the retina and does not exit the eye. Light enters the eye through the cornea it then(prenominal)(prenominal) travels through the opening called the pupil. Light then enters the eyes lens. The pupil changes size in order to adapt to the quantity of light rays that reach it.The pupils constrict in response to increased light, this makes y our pupils smaller. When the pupils are smaller, it allows in as little light as possible. The pupil dilates in response to decreased light, this makes your pupils larger. When the pupils are larger, it allows in as much light as possible. The pupil size is stubborn by a reflex action that allows less light into the eye during bright conditions, so the person is not dazzled. The pupil size is headstrong by a reflex action that allows much light into the eye during dim conditions this will make vision possible for the person.To see how this works, use a small flashlight to see how your eyes or a friends eyes respond to the changes in brightness. The pupils will get smaller when the light shines near them and theyll open wider when the light is gone. cotton upframe drawframe drawframe * Dilated* Pupil * Constricted* Pupil The lens is part of the internal structure of the eyeball. The lens is transparent. The lens is the flexible curved part of the eye that sits behind the iris and in front of the vitreous humor. The lens of the eye is made of mostly water and protein. Light which passes through the pupil opening, will nter the lens. The lens focuses light rays on the back of the eye. The lens purpose is to focus images onto the retina. It works like the lens of a camera that records the picture. The lens turns the images upside down. Then the picture is transmitted by the optic facial expression to the brain. In young people, the lens changes shape to adjust for close or hold vision. The lens changes shape when looking at objects at several(predicate) distances to clutch the images in focus. The lens changes its shape by bending. The adjustment of the lens of the eye is similar to the focusing of a camera.This adjustment of the lens is known as accommodation. As we become older adults, the lens gradually hardens, and it becomes harder for the lens to accommodate. drawframe drawframe The Ciliary Body and the Ciliary Muscle, separates the sedimentary Humor , the fluid and, the Anterior Chamber. The vitreous humor is located in the posterior chamber of the eye. The posterior chamber is a space behind the iris and it is in front of the retina. This space behind the lens is filled with a jellylike substance called the vitreous humor. The vitreous humor helps to shape the eyeball.As we age and get to be older adults, the vitreous humor changes from a gel to a liquid like fluid and it gradually shrinks and separates from the retina. drawframe The retina is the innermost layer of the eye. The retina is made up of dickens separate an optical part in the fundus of the eye that is sensitive to light, and a un cut back pigmented part that lines the ciliary body and iris. The light-sensitive neurons are arranged in three layers the first layer is made up of rods and cones and the other two transmit impulses from the rods and cones to the optic organisation.The rods are sensitive to dim light of a variety of wavelengths, and the cones are sens itive to bright light of more restricted wavelengths and are responsible for color vision. Visual acuity is greatest in the central part of the retina. drawline drawframe drawframe The retina is a stack of several neuronal layers. Light is surd from the eye and passes across these layers (from left to right) to hit the photoreceptors (right layer). This causes a chemical transformation of light to nerve impulse to the bipolar and horizontal cells (middle yellow layer).The luff is then transmitted to the amacrine and ganglion cells. This pattern of spikes determines the raw input from the eyes to the brain. The optic disc is a whitish spot on the retina. The optic disc is called the blind spot. The optic disc is the spot on the retina that the optic nerves come from. The optic disc marks the point where nerve fibers vary the eye. The optic disc lacks light sensitive cells. There are no sensory cells here that are why it creates a blind spot. The macular area lutea lutea is an i rregular yellowish spot near the center of the retina.The macula lutea lies fairly below the optic disc. The macula lutea is part of the retina and it is the most light sensitive. The size of the macula lutea is 7mm or about ? inch. The macula lutea is responsible for our reading vision. It is this part of the retina that makes our vision 20/20. If you do not have a macula lutea, you would not be able to see. cranial case II, or more familiarly known as the optic nerve, is the nerve that controls the sense of vision. Without this the human race could not see, it acts as a passageway of the object you see, to be transferred as a skittish impulse to the brain.The part of the brain the nervous impulses are sent to is the visual cortex, this is a section of the brain where all of the information is processed. The optic nerve is formed out of axons. An axon is the farsighted processes of retinal cells at the back of the eye. These join together to form the nerve, which exits the eyeb all at a point called the optic disc. The optic nerve fibers, rebel in the retina, then enter the optic nerve which again passes through the eye socket. This then heads to the optic canal, the opening in the skull which receptors pass from the eye to the brain.The optic nerve fibers the join together to form the optic charisma, this contend in fibers allows for binocular vision, they continue until it makes contact with the lateral geniculate. The optic nerve radiates back to the visual where the image is processed. To sum this up the optic nerve carries information to the brain from the eye. This concludes the internal mechanism of the eye. Next is a word of honor of the external anatomy of the eye and components surrounding it. There are three layers of the eyeball. The external layer of the eyeball is formed by the sclera, and the cornea.The sclera is the egg white part of the eye. The sclera is continuous with the cornea. The sclera is the outermost layer, and the sclera is the thickest layer of the eyeball. The sclera has the important melody of covering most of the eyeball. The conjunctiva is a mucous secretion membrane which covers the sclera that you can see through and lines the hats as the palpebral conjunctiva, and reflects or folds back over the anterior of the eyeball, as the ocular, or in most cases this can be called the bulbar conjunctiva. The bulbar conjunctiva only covers the white of the eye not the cornea.The ocular conjunctiva is very thin, blood vessels are visible at a lower place it, when irritated the eye becomes bloodshot. When the eyelids are shut a slit like space appears between the covered eyeballs and eyelids. When you are wearing contacts, the contact lies in the conjunctivial pocket, this is where most eye medications are placed alike. The conjunctivas main job is to treasure the eye from anything that may penetrate the eye. Certain eye problems that may resuscitate to the conjunctiva include the inflammation of th e conjunctiva which is called conjunctivitis_. _Pinkeye which is probably the most familiar to people living in America.Pinkeye consist of a bacteria or virus that is, in most cases , on your hands and you do not swosh them then it is spread around the eye. All infections in this area are contagious. The sclera is also a supportive and protective layer of the eye. The sclera forms a tough shell that helps protect the inner structures of the eyeball. There are three pairs of muscles attached to the sclera. These muscles are named extra-ocular muscles. drawframe There are six extra-ocular muscles on each eye. Each muscle has a different form of movement or function in the eye.The Lateral Rectus is the muscle that moves the eye outward. The Inferior Rectus muscle is the muscle that pulls the eyeball towards the ground. The Inferior musculus obliquus externus abdominis muscle raises the eye, and pivots the eyeball outwards. The Superior Oblique muscle pulls the downwards and outwards, eon abducting the eye. The tendon-like Trochlea, acts like a pulley which the transcendent oblique muscle passes through. The Superior Rectus muscle pulls the eye upwards and inwards. The Palpebrae Superioris muscle pulls the upper eyelid upwards. The Medial Rectus muscle moves the eyes inward horizontally.The Tendinous Ring is a band of rough, fiber-filled tissue, that holds the eye muscles in place. The second layer of the eye is called the uvea. The uvea contains umpteen blood vessels and pigmented cells. The uvea is divided into three main sections the choroid, the ciliary body and the iris. The choroid extends from where the optic nerve meets the eye-ball to the front of the eye, where it forms both the ciliary body and the iris. The triplet layer is the retina. The lacrimal glands are located above each eye. The Lacrimal gland lies underneath the upper eyelid. The Lacrimal gland has the important job to produce tears.The Lacrimal gland continually produces tears that are distributed over the surface of the eyes. The tears drain through the Lacrimal canals into the Lacrimal sac and into the nose from the Lacrimal duct. The tears are constantly being made in the Lacrimal glands and through the action of blinking the tears drain. either time the eyelid blinks, it causes tears to flow from the Lacrimal glands. The tears keep the cornea moist and provide oxygen to the cornea. The tear production increases when you cry or if the eye is irritated by foreign particles. The Lacrimal gland also produces other protective fluids onto the surface of the eye. drawframe Cranial Nerve III, the oculo repulse nerve controls the eye muscles, or two-thirds of them anyway. This Nerve Mainly carries the tug fibers to the eye muscles, this controls the movement of the eye and where the eyes position is located. The oculomotor nerve contains fibers from the nervous system which constrict the pupil and also alter the lenses shape. The oculomotor nerve originates midbrain , is part of the brainstem and leaves the cranial cavity through the eye socket into the superior orbital fissure. From the superior orbital fissure, this is split into two parts, the superior and inferior divisions.Problems associated with the oculomotor nerve, are damage to the nerve, in which case all but two of the eye muscles will be paralyzed, occasionally when this happens the eyelid will drop. overly the eye will not move sideways. Cranial Nerve IV, the trochlear nerve nerve, only supplies one muscle for movement to the eye. This nerve transmits both the motor information of the eye and the sensory information of the eye. The nerve originates about midbrain, around the brainstem and finally ends up through the center of the eye socket into the superior orbital fissure. The trochlear nerve controls the muscle that moves the eye up and down.Cranial Nerve VI, is the abducent nerve, this leads to the lateral rectus muscle in the eye. The abducent nerve contains both motor fiber s and sensory fibers. The fibers of the abducent nerve originate in a part of the brainstem called the Pons. The nerve arrives at the eye socket then passes through the superior orbital fissure. This moves the eye out to the side. The eye is a important and fascinating organ. It is made up of many different kinds of tissues. Each has a very important and individualized function. Its many parts work together to form the phenomenon of sight. This allows us to perceive the world.

Cultural Profile of the Philippines Essay

The Philippines is a country with different culture. The country is divided into regions and provinces wherein each region or province has perspicuous cultures of their own. Greatly influenced by the Spanish colonization in the 14th to eighteenth century, the country has a lot of colorful festivals that showcase that the cultures and products of the regions. Part of the Filipinos respective(a) culture is their languages. Officially, Filipino and English atomic number 18 the major languages. Filipino is a compendium of more than 180 dialects scarce most of the words ar based on Tagalog, the lingua franca of the National Capital Region, the seat of the government. volume of Filipinos speak eight major dialects namely Tagalog, Cebuano, Ilocano, Hiligaynon or Ilonggo, Bicol, Waray, Pampango and Pangasinense. English, on the some different hand, is used as a medium of instruction in legion(predicate) educational institutions and as language in documents of the government (About the Philippines). jounce on Business Communication Because the Philippines has been colonized by many nationalities, it has adoptive a lot of cultures. With that, Filipinos become flexible in dealing with other people with other cultures and social backgrounds.Moreover, they have the leadingness to learn especially that job has been one the major exports of the country. Many Filipinos are becoming competitive in the global market and commercial enterprise. In terms of relationships, Filipinos possess strong inter personalised relationships that make it more advisable for them to be introduced first to a triplet party than having them introducing themselves. However, Filipinos quantify relationships so much be it with their families of relatives or nevertheless in business. They do not focus only to business but they make ways in knowing their business partners deeper even to their personal affairs.They believe that when they know the people they are dealing with it is easier for them to communicate their ideas for the business. They value their relationships not only for the present business deals but as well for the future. They are used to referring people they know to be employees in their businesses (Philippines Language, Culture, Customs, and Etiquette). In business, they also make sure that they are presentable at all times and they prefer face-to-face meeting from making phone calls or email that is one way they can build relationships to people and business colleagues.Since they are relational, sometimes they are more particular with the personalities rather than the company they comprise (Philippines Language, Culture, Customs, and Etiquette). In the global business, the flexibility, adoptability and professionalism of Filipinos could be advantages especially about their being relational. They will open more areas of communication among their fellow employees and to other people removed the company which they believe can help them in the ir work.Also, they can advantageously learn other languages that may be required in doing business because their culture has already thought their tongues to be more adoptive to environments. References Kwintessential transverse Cultural Solutions. (______. ) Philippines Language, Culture, Customs, and Etiquette. Retrieved May 14, 2008 from http//www. kwintessential. co. uk/resources/global-etiquette/philippines-country-profile. html Wow Philippines. (______. ) About the Philippines. Retrieved May 14, 2008 from http//www. tourism. gov. ph/discover/h