Comparison of Public and Private Banks

A SUMMER raising PROJECT REPORT ON COMPARATIVE STUDY amid PRIVATE do primary(prenominal) BANKS ANP reality SECTOR BANKS Submitted To PUNJAB TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY,JALANDHAR MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION(MBA) SESSION(2007-09) CT INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING,MANAGEMENT & TECHNOLOGY,JALANDHAR (SHAHPUR CHAMPUS) PREFACE Someone has rightly said that applicative birth is for better and closer to the real world then mere theoretical exposure.The practical experience seconds the students view the real world closely, which in circuit widely influences their perceptions and argument their downstairsstanding of the real situation. look for give-up the ghost constitutes the backbone of whatever trouble education programme. A man jump onment student has to do query progress to quite frequently during his entire span. The research work entitle COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN PRIVATE SECTOR BANKS AND PUBLIC SECTOR BANKS aims to analyze sev timel(a) work provided by snobbish field chamfe rs and general empyrean deposes for this innovation Pathankot city shoot away been chosen.ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I feel immense pleasure to re bear witness the realisation of my summer training project work non every last(predicate) to one individual childbed of alone those who concern with it. I want to thanks to all(a) those individual who contributed me to move on the track. The summer training project entitled COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN PRIVATE SECTOR AND PUBLIC SECTOR BANKS I am grate plenteousy indebted to Mr. Davinder Singh for providing me all the necessary help and required signpost for the completion of my project and to a fault for the valu open time that he gave me from his scdedule. Neha Kapoor TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER NO. PARTICULARS rascal NO. 1 INTRODUCTION OF THE STUDY 1-23 2 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY 24-25 3 3. 1 RESEARCH regularityological compendium 26-36 3. LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY 37 4 DATA ANALYSIS AND ITS INTERPRETATION 38-46 5 FINDING OF THE STUDY 47-50 6 SUGGESTIONS 51-54 7 CONCLUSION 55-56 8 BIBLIOGRAPHY 57-58 9 ANNEXURE 59-62 Introduction The world of cussing has assumed a sweet primty at dawn of the 21st century with the advent of tech liverys believeing, thereby loaning the industry a stamp of universality.In gen eral, depositing whitethorn be classified as retail and corporate banking. Retail banking, which is designed to match the requirement of individual nodes and encour come on their nest egg, includes stomachment of utility bills, consumer loans, credit broadsides, checking work expose and the like. Corporate banking, on the former(a) hand, caters to the aim of corporate customers like bills discounting, opening letters of credit, managing cash, etc. Metamorphic changes took induct in the Indian pecuniary body during the eighties and nineties consequent upon deregulation and liberalization of economic policies of the regime.India began shaping up its e conomy and earmarked ambitious plan for economic emersion. Consequently, a sea change in money and acquitant markets took place. Application of merchandising concept in the banking argona was introduced to enhance the customer satisfaction the policy of privatization of banking run aims at encouraging the competition in banking orbit and foot of financial work. Consequently, attend such as Demat, profit banking, Portfolio Management, Venture ceiling, etc, came into existence to cater to the involve of usual.An serious agenda for either banker today is greater operational efficiency and customer satisfaction. The mew watchword for the bank is pretty ambitious customer delight. The introduction to the marketing concept to banking atomic number 18as raft be traced back to Ameri bay window intrusting Association Conference of 1958. lingos marketing can be defined as the part of management activity, which seems to direct the flow of banking work profitability to the customers. The marketing concept basically requires that there should be thorough infrastanding of customer need and to learn just about market it operates in.Further the market is segmented so as to down the stairsstand the requirement of the customer at a profit to the banks. DEFINITION OF BANK The Oxford dictionary defines the aver as, An establishment for the custody of money, which it pays out, on a customers order. According to Whitehead, A assert is defined as an institution which collects surplus finances from the usual, safeguards them, and makes them easy to the true owner when required and excessively lends sums be their true owners to those who be in need of funds and can provide security. fixing Comp some(prenominal) in India has been defined in the margeing Companies act 1949, One which transacts the business of banking which actor the accepting, for the purpose of lending or investment of the deposits of money from the public, repay fit on demand, or early(a)wise and occupy able be cheque, draft, order or an early(a)(prenominal)wise. The banking system is an integral subsystem of the financial system. It represents an significant channel of assemblage small nest egg form the households and lending it to the corporate domain. The Indian banking system has Reserve imprecate of India (RBI) as the apex body for all matters relating to the banking system. It is the central bound of India.It is also cognise as the Banker To All separate Banks. EVOLUTION OF INDIAN BANKING Ancient banking system of India effected of indigenous bankers. They delineate out been carrying on their age-old banking operations in diametric parts of the country under different names. The modern age of banking constitutes the fundamental rear of economic growth. The term Bank is universe used since long time but there is no brighten conception regarding its beginning. According to the viewpoint, in good old days. Italian money leaders were k r ight awayn as Banchi because they kept a special typesetters case of table to transact their business.IMPORTANCE OF BANKS Today banks form bugger off a part and parcel of Kotak Banks life. There was a time when dwellers of the city alone could enjoy their go. instantly banks offer access to even a common man and their activities extend to aras hitherto untouched. Banks cater to the inescapably of agriculturalists, industrialists, traders and to all the other sections of the society. In modern age, the banking constitutes the fundamental basis of economic growth. Thus, they accelerate the economic growth of a country and steer the wheels of the economy towards its goals of self reliance in all fields.It by nature arouses Kotak Banks interest in knowing to a greater extent about the Bank and the various men and the activities connected with it. Indian Banking outline Banking in India has its origin as early as the Vedic period. It was believed that transition from money lend ing to banking must involve occurred even before Manu, The great Hindu Jurist, who has devoted a section of his work to deposit advance and laid down rules relating to rates of interest. During the Mogul period, the indigeneousBankers played a very master(prenominal) role in lending money financing abroad trade and commerce.During the days of East India Comp both, it was gaming over the substance houses to carry on the business. The General Bank of India was the first to join vault of heaven in the year 1786. The others that followed were the Bank of Hindustan and the Bengal bank. The bank of Hindustan is reported to take a shit continued till 1906 while the other deuce failed in the meantime. In the first half of the 19th century the East India Comp each established triad banks 1. Bank of Bengal (1809). 2. Bank of Bombay (1840). 3. Bank of Madras (1843. These three banks atomic number 18 also known as Presidency Banks were nonsymbiotic units and functioned well.These thre e banks were amalgamated in 1920 and Imperial Bank of India was established on 27th january1921, which started as hugger-mugger shareholders banks, closelyly Europeans shareholders, with the passing of time Imperial bank was taken over by the newly constituted State bank of India act in1955. In 1865 Allahabad Bank was established and first time exclusively by Indians, Punjab National Bank Ltd. was set up in 1894 with headquarters at Lahore. Between 1906 and 1913, Bank of India, of import Bank of India, Bank of Baroda, Canara Bank, Indian Bank, and Bank of Mysore were set up.Reserve Bank of India came in 1935. On July, 1969, 14 postulate banks of India were nationalized and on 15th April, 1980 six more moneymaking(prenominal) offstage banks were also taken over by the government. Reserve Bank of India The Banking system is an integral sub-system of the financial system. It represents an important channel of collecting small economic systems from the households and lending it to the corporate sphere. The Indian banking system has The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) as the apex body from all matters relating to the banking system. It is the important Bank of India and act as the banker to all other banks. dishs of RBI Currency issuing ascendance Banker to the government. Banker to other Bank. Framing of monetary policy. Exchange control. Custodian to inappropriate exchange and specie reserves. Development activities. look and discipline in the banking sector. CLASSIFICATION OF BANKS On the basis of Ownership PUBLIC SECTOR BANKS Public sector banks are those banks that are owned by the government. The government owns these banks. In India 20 banks were nationalized in 1969 and 1980 respectively. Social well-being is there main objective. PRIVATE SECTOR BANKSThese banks are those banks that are owned and tie by nonpublic sector. An individual has control over these banks in proportion to the shares of the banks held by him. CO-OPERATIVE BANKS T hese are those banks that are jointly run by a group of individuals. severally individual has an equal share in these banks. Its shareholders manage the personal matters of the bank. According to the Law SCHEDULED BANK Schedule banks are the banks, which are include in the minute of arc schedule of the banking regulation act 1965. According to this schedule bank 1. Must crap paid-up capital and reserve of non less(prenominal)(prenominal) than Rs500, 000. . Must also satisfy the RBI that its affairs are not conducted in a manner Determinate to the interest of its depositors. Schedule banks are sub-divided as- a) State co-operative banks b) mercantile banks NON-SCHEDULED BANKS Non -schedule banks are the banks, which are not included in the second schedule of the banking regulation act 1965. It marrow they do not satisfy the conditions lay down by that schedule. These are the banks having paid up capital, less than Rs. 5Lakhs. They are further classified as follows- A. Central Co-operative banks and Primary Credit Societies.B. Commercial banks According to Function COMMERCIAL BANKS These are the banks that do banking business to earn profit. These banks make loans for short to business and in the exploit create money. Credit creation is the main function of these banks. FOREIGN BANKS These are those banks that are incorporated by hostile company. They have set up their branches in India. These banks have their head offices in foreign countries. Their precept function is to make credit arrangement or the export and the import of the country and these banks deals in foreign exchange. INDUSTRIAL BANKSIndustrial banks are those banks that offer long term and medium term loan to the industries and also work for their development. These banks help industries in sale of their shares, debentures and bonds. They give loan to the industries for the purchase of land and machinery. AGRICULTURAL BANKS Agricultural banks are those banks that give credit to agricultur al sector of the economy. SAVING BANKS The principle function of these banks is to collect small saves across the country and put them to the productive use. In India department of post office functions a savings banks. CENTRAL BANKCentral Bank is the apex bank of the banking system of the country. It issues currency notes and acts a bankers bank. Economic stability is the principle function of this bank. In short, it regulates and controls the banking system of the country. RBI is the Central Bank of India. PRIVATIZATION OF INDIAN BANKING For the public sector banks, the era of bumper profit is over. For practically of the last decade the process of collaborated financial liberalization had cleared up the Banks balance sheet enabling them to with stand increased competition, global financing, turmoil and even insecure industrial slow down.But the cycle of liberalization has run its full course. Now it is the time for the big morphologic leap, rationalization, mergers, and priv atization. Unless the banks cut these fundamental changes, their profit will stay under pressure. There are twp areas of competitions which banking industry is confront internationally and nationally. In the pre-liberalization era, Indian banks could grow in a closed economy but the banking sector opened up for private competition. It is possible that private banks could become dominant players even within India.It has been record a rapid rise of the new private sector banks and it has tracked the transformation of the public sector banks as they grapple with the changes of financial deregulation. Use of ATM cards, Internet Banking, Phone Banking, Mobile Banking are the new mod channels of banking which are being widely used as they result in saving both time and money which are two essential things that every one is short of and is outpouring to catch hold of them. just private sector banks are aligning its infrastructures, marketing quality and engineering to build deep comm itment in building consumer and retail banking.The main focus of these banks is on innovative range of serve or products. STRUCTURE OF BANKING SYSTEM Different countries of the world have different types of banking systems. However, technical banking had grown under all these banking systems. To understand the structure of banking system, let us take up various types of banking systems one by one. These types are (1) UNIT BANKING unit of measurement Banking originated in the united State of America. It grew in the get together States of America. As a counter part of independent or industrial units. An independent unit bank is a corporation that operates one office and that is not related to other banks finished either will power or control. Shaper, Solomon and White. Thus under unit banking, a single bank is a double-dyed(a) arranging in itself having its own management. The overcome of operation is small and the area is restricted to a locality only. Unit banking is local ized banking and is more than more responsive to the ineluctably of the locality. It has better understanding of the local problems and conditions, which helps it to cater to the needs of the area in a better way.The mental faculty of the unit bank is generally local and is in a better position to determine the standing or desirability of the customers. The failure of the unit bank will not endanger the banking system and economy. It is free from the difficulties and diseconomies of large scale of measurement operations. It will not bolt out the financial resources of villages and small towns to big industrial centers and will ensure a balanced growth. (2) complexify BANKING Economic and Managerial problems faced by the unit banks let to the emergence of banking system. Now, This the near(prenominal) popular and important banking system.In branch banking, a bank has a large network of branches scattered all over the country. appendage banking developed in England. Subsequen tly most of the countries of the world earned the system. In terms of branches, the State Bank of India has emerged as one of the largest banks in the world. As under the system the resources of a number of branches get pooled under the analogous management, any individual branch is in a better position to face unjustified withdrawals by the customers. It facilitates diversification of activities because the area covered by the branches is generally widespread.Under the system branches can operate without guardianship large idle cash reserves. It becomes possible for the bank to hire the services of competent and professionally fitted managers, capable of understanding the handling technical problems and complex situations. The cost of remitting or transferring funds from one place to another works out to be less. The staff stays at a branch only for a limited period, so the chances of objective decision making in the branch banking are high. complication Banking tends to brin g homogeneity in the prevailing Interest Rates as it increases the mobility of resources from one place to another.It is easier for the Central Bank to exercise Control. It will communicate only with a few Registered /Head Offices of the Banks and not with all(prenominal) individual branch. In this system there more safety and liquidity of funds. The choice of securities and investments is larger. Branch banking makes complete banking services available to the smallest communities. The branches in small localities can be initially operated at loss in expectation of future gains. The comparative remove of unit banking and branch banking is a courting of small scale banking versus large scale banking. It is evident that the scale is clearly titled towards branch banking.With the growth of large scale business it is no wonder that the trend is almost every country towards the branch banking i. e. big banks with a network of branches all over the country. Even in the U. S. A. The bir thplace of unit banking. The Bank of America has now more than 500 branches in the state of California itself. (3) CHAIN BANKING Shaper, Solomon and White have defined range of mountains Banking as An arrangements by which two or more banks each of which retains its identity, capital and personnel are brought under common control by any device other than a Holding Company. Under the system there is pooling of resources.Chain banking overcomes certain limitations of unit banking. But the system suffers from certain limitations of its own. There may be a lack of co-ordination, proper control etc. The system is inflexible. (4) GROUP BANKING It is similar to Chain Banking, the difference being that under mathematical group Banking two or more banks are brought under the control of the same management through a Holding Company. Both the systems aim at gaining the advantages of large scale operations. The banks are able to pool their resources in case of emergency or when large issu e forth of cash is required to go the loan requirements of the customer.The advantages and disadvantages of both the systems are similar. Both the systems developed in the United State of America as a result of attempts to overcome the difficulties or limitations of unit banking. (5) CORRESPONDENT BANKING Under Cor responsive banking, small banks component local communities hold deposits with joint banks serving in big cities. This kind of banking is prevalent in U. S. A. The newswriter banks perform two important services of outstation cheque modify and loan participation for the respondent banks while they benefit for the deposit funds of respondent banks.A) COMMERCIAL BANKS pic primitive FUNCTIONS 1) Accepting of Deposits A bank accepts deposits from the public. People can deposit their cash balances in either of the following(a) compositioning systems to their convenience- a. Fixed or Time Deposit tale cash in is deposited in this account for a fixed period. The dep ositor gets receipts for the totality deposited. It is called Fixed Deposit put across. The receipt indicates the name of the depositor, amount of deposit, rate of interest and the period of deposit. This receipt is not transferable.If the depositor stands in need of the amount before the expiry of fixed period, he can withdraw the same after paying the discount to the bank. b. deliverances Account This type of deposit suits to those who just want to financial backing their small savings in a bank and might need to withdraw them occasionally. Banks provide a certain rate of interest on the minimum balance kept by the depositor during the month. c. Current Account This type of account is kept by the businessman who are required to withdraw money every new and then. Banks do not pay any interest on this account.Any sum or any number of withdrawals can be presented by such an account holder. 2) Advancing of Loans The bank advances money in any one of the following ways. a. Overd raft Facilities Customers of good trading are allowed to overdraw from their current account. But they have to pay interest on extra amount they have withdrawn. Overdrafts are allowed to provide temporary readjustment since the extra amount withdrawn is payable within a short period. b. Money at scrub It is the money lent for a very short period varying from 1 to 14 days.Such advances are usually made to other banks and financial institutions only. Money at call ensures liquidity. In the Interbank market it enables bank to make adjustment according to their liquidity requirements. c. Loans Loans are granted by the banks on securities which can be easily disposed off in the market. When the bank has commodious itself regarding the soundness of the party, a loan is advanced. d. Cash Credit The Debtor is allowed to withdraw a certain amount on a assumption security. The debitor withdraws the amount within this limit, interest is charged by the bank on the amount actually withd rawn. . Discounting height of Exchange It is another method of making advances by the banks. Under this method, bank give advance to their clients on the basis of their bills of exchange before the maturity of such bills. f. Investment in organisation Securities Purchasing of government securities by the banks tantamount to advancing loans by them to the Government. Banks prefer to corrupt government securities as these are considered to be the safest investment. For example Indira Vikas Patra It enables the banks to meet requirement of statutory liquidity ratio (SLR) ) Credit Creation One of the main functions of banks these days is to create credit. Banks create credit by giving more loans than their cash reserves. Banks are able to create credit because the demand deposits i. e. a claim against the bank is accepted by the public in settlement of their debts. In this process the bank creates money. For this reason Prof. Sayers has called bank the manufactures of money. 4) Cheque system of Payment of coin A cheque, a negotiable instrument, which in fact is a bill of exchange, drawn upon a banker, is the most popular credit instrument used by the client to make payments.Cheque system is the main credit instrument in the banking world. Although a cheque is not a legal tender money, the serves as a medium of exchange in a limited way as it is a negotiable instrument. Because of clearing houses and clearing operations of the banks, cheques can be and are used for transferring funds from one centre to another. In the modern days they can also be used for transferring funds from one country to another. alternative FUNCTIONS Besides the higher up primary functions, banks also perform may secondary functions such as agency functions, general utility and social functions.A) Agency Functions Banks act as agents to their customers in different ways - i) army and Payment of Credit and Other Instruments The Commercial banks collect and pay cheques, bills of ex change, promissory notes, hundies, rent, interest etc. On behalf of their customers and also make payments of income tax, fees, insurance premium etc. on behalf of the customers. Customers can leave standing instructions with the banker for various periodic payments ensuring the regular payments and avoiding the trouble of performing it themselves. ii) Purchase and Sale of Securities The modern ommercial banks also undertake the purchase and sale of various securities like shares, stocks, bonds units and debentures etc. On behalf of the customers, banks do not give any advice regarding the suitability or otherwise of a security but simply perform the functions of a broker. iii) regent and Executor Banks also acts as trustees and executors of the property of their customers on their advice. Sometimes banks also undertake income tax services on behalf of the customers. iv) Remittance of Funds The Commercial banks remit funds on behalf of clients from one place to another through c heques, drafts, mail transfers etc. ) Representation and Correspondence Sometimes commercial banks acts as representatives or correspondents of the clients especially in handling various applications. For instance, passports and activate tickets, booking of vehicles, plots etc. vi) Billion Trading In many countries, the commercial banks trade is billions like gold and silver. In Oct 1997, 8 banks including SBI, IOB, Canara Bank and Allahabad Bank have been allowed import of gold which has been put under open general licensed house. vii) Purchase and Sale of external Exchange Banks buy and sell foreign exchange, promoting international trade.This function is mainly discharged by foreign Exchange Banks. viii) garner of References Banks also give teaching about economic position of their customers to domestic and foreign traders and vice versa. B) usual UTILITY SERVICES In addition to agency services, banks render many more utility services to the public. These services are - i) Locker Facilities Banks provide locker facilities to their customers. People can keep their valuables or important documents in these lockers. Their one-year rent is very nominal. ii) Acting as a referee It desired by the customers, the bank can be a referee i. . who could be referred by the third parties for seeking information regarding the financial position of the customers. The bank will acts as referee only and only if it is desired by the customer, otherwise the secrecy of a customers is account is maintained very carefully. iii) Issuing letters of credit Bankers in a way by issuing letters of credit certify the credit worthiness of the customers. letter of credit are very popular in foreign trade. iv) Acting as Underwriters Banks also cut through the securities issued by the Government and Corporate bodies for a commission.The name of bank as an underwriter encouraged investors to have faith in the security. v) Acting as information banks Commercial banks also act s as information billet as they collect the financial, economic and statistical selective information relating to industry, trade and commerce. HDFC Bank is providing information relating to NRI Schemes and commentaries of experts on development in the areas of finance through Internet. vi) Issuing Travelers cheques and credit cards Banks have been translation great service by issuing travelers cheques, which enable a person to travel without fear of theft or loss of money.Now, some banks have started credit card system under which a credit card holder is allowed to avail credit from the listed outlets without any additional cost or effort. Thus, credit card holder need not carry or handle cash all the time. Now, international credit cards are joining hands with Indian Banks. vii) Issuing of gift cheques trusted banks issue gift cheques of various denominations, e. g. Some Indian banks issue gift cheques f the denominations of Rs. 21, 31, 51 and ci etc. They are generally issue d free of charge. viii) Dealing in Foreign Exchange Major branches of commercial banks also transact business of foreign exchange.Commercial banks are the main authorized dealers of foreign exchange in India. ix) Merchant banking Services Commercial banks also render merchant banking services to the customers. They help in availing loans from non-banking financial institutions. x) Help in Transportation of Goods Big businessmen or industrialists after consigning goods to their retailers send the Railway Receipt (Consignment Note) to the bank. List of Public celestial sphere Banks o State Bank of Bikaner & Jaipur o State Bank of Hyderabad o State Bank of Indore o State Bank of Mysore o State Bank of Saurastra State Bank of Travancore Other Nationalised banks are Allahabad Bank Andhra Bank Bank of Baroda Bank of India Bank of Maharastra Canara Bank Central Bank of India Corporation Bank Dena Bank Indian Bank Indian Overseas Bank Oriental Bank of Commerce Punjab & Sind Ba nk Punjab National Bank Syndicate Bank UCO Bank Union Bank of India United Bank of India Vijaya Bank List of Private Sector Bank Bank of Punjab Bank of Rajasthan Catholic Syrian Bank Centurion Bank City Union Bank Dhanalakshmi Bank Development Credit Bank federal Bank HDFC Bank ICICI Bank IDBI Bank IndusInd Bank ING Vysya Bank Jammu & Kashmir Bank Karnataka Bank Karur Vysya Bank Laxmi Vilas Bank South Indian Bank United Western Bank UTI Bank List of Foreign Banks in India ABN-AMRO Bank Abu Dhabi Commercial Bank Bank of Ceylon BNP Paribas Bank Citi Bank China Trust Commercial Bank Deutsche Bank HSBC JPMorgan Chase Bank Standard Chartered Bank Scotia Bank Taib Bank Upcoming Foreign Banks In India pic pic By 2009 few more names is going to be added in the list of foreign banks in India.This is as an aftermath of the sudden interest shown by Reserve Bank of India paving roadmap for foreign banks in India greater freedom in India. Among them is the worlds best private bank by Euro Money magazine, Switzerlands UBS. The following are the list of foreign banks going to set up business in India Royal Bank of Scotland Switzerlands UBS US-based GE Capital Credit Suisse Group Industrial and Commercial Bank of China Merrill Lynch is having a joint venture in Indian investment banking space DSP Merrill Lynch. Goldman Sachs holds bet ons in Kotak Mahindra arms.GE Capital is also having a wide presence in consumer finance through GE Capital India. Indias GDP is seen growth at a robust pace of around 7% over the succeeding(prenominal) few eld, throwing up opportunities for the banking sector to profit from. The credit of banks has risen by over 25% in 2004-05 and the growth caprice is expected to continue over the next four to five years. Participation in the growth slip of the Indian economy in the next four years will provide foreign banks a launch pad for greater business expansion when they get more freedom after April 200 9. Objectives of the StudyThis study has been conducted with a variety of important objectives in mind. The following provides us with the chief objectives that have tried to obtain through the study. The extent to which these objectives have been met could judged from the conclusions and suggestions, which appear in the later of this study. The Chief Objectives of this study are 1. To govern the bank sector that is largely availed by the customer. 2. To study the factors the factors influencing the choice of a bank for 3. availing services. 4. To commence and equalise the satisfaction take of customers in public sector 5. s well as in private sectors bank. 6. To study the problem faced by customer. 7. To get suggestions for improvement or change in the services of public and private sector banks. 8. To study what do hoi polloi expect in the new era of banking. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY Research is an art of scientific investigation. In other word research is a scientific and syste matic search for pertinent information on a specific topic. The logic canful taking research methodology into consideration is that one can have knowledge about the method and procedure adopted for achievement of objectives of the project.With the adoption of this others can evaluate the results also. Its main aim is to keep the researchers on the right track. The methodology adopted for studying the objectives was surveying the saving account holders of District Jalandhar. So retentivity in view the nature of requirements of the study to collect all the relevant information regarding the comparison of saving account of Centurion Bank of Punjab with other banks, direct personal interview method with structured questionnaire was adopted for the collection of primary data. Secondary data has been collected through the various magazines and newspapers and by surfing on Internet.And the guide in the organization was consulted at many times. strain DESIGN-A sample design is a decided plan for obtaining a sample from a given population. It refers to the techniques or the procedure the researcher would adopt in selecting items for the sample. Sample design may as well lay down the number of items to be included in the sample i. e. , the size of the sample. Sample design is determined before data are collected. present we select the population as sample in our sample design. The selected respondents should be as representatives of the total population.POPULATION- The persons keeping saving account related to business class of District Jalandhar were taken into consideration. DATA gathering data was collected by using main two methods i. e primary data and secondary data. PRIMARY DATA Primary data is the data which is used or collected for first time and it is not used by anyone in the past. There are number of sources of primary data from which the information can be collected. We choose the following resources for our research. QUESTIONNAIRE-This method of da ta collection is quite popular, particular in case of big enquiries.Here in our research we set 15 simple questions and request the respondents to answer these questions with correct information. RESPONDENTS-Respondents helps in creation of more accurate idea about our research. We personally meet the respondents inside and outside the banks. standby DATA Secondary data is the data which is available in readymade form and which is already used by race for some purposes. There may be various sources of secondary data such as-newspapers, magazines, journals, books, reports, documents and other published information.BANKS ANNUAL REPORTS-Banks issues there annual reports to get the populate informed with the profitability and growth of the bank. These annual reports helps us a lot to get the latest data and other related information for our research. It tells us about the increase or decrease in profits and other facilities. JOURNALS AND PUBLICATIONS OF varied BANKS - We also take i nto consideration the journals and publications issued by the bank at different times. we comes to know about the Branches, ATM, locations and other useful information.MANUALS AND BROACHERS OF DIFFERENT BANKS-We take the help of bank staff and other people who gives us deep information and data which may not be available at anywhere. They gives us there full co-operation. INTERNET-We also take into consideration the internet facility with which we collect lot of latest information. SAMPLE PLAN ? SAMPLE SIZE Keeping in mind all the constraints the size of the sample of the study was selected as 80. ? sample UNIT- Centurion Bank of Punjab Branch in Jalandhar city. Due to nature of study, we also visited various different banks ICICI, HDFC, SBI, PUNJAB internal BANK etc. f Jalandhar District. ? SAMPLING TECHNIQUE- Stratified convenient sampling. All the saving account holders were taken into consideration. Research was conducted on clear assumptions that the respondents would give f rank and fair answers in a hard-nosed way and without any bias. ? SAMPLING DESCRIPTION- In order to understand the nature and characteristics of various respondents in this study, the information was collected and analyzed according to their socio economic background which included the characteristic of their respondents like education, age marital status and monthly income.This description shows that respondents included in this survey belong to different backgrounds and this turn increase the scope of the study. PERSONAL DETAIL AGE Particulars %age of Respondent 20-30 years 20% 30-40 years 50% 40-50 years 20% 50-60 years 10% pic Analysis & meter reading From the higher up study we find that nobody is below 20 age and 20% respondents are betwixt 20-30 age group, 50% respondents are surrounded by 30-40 age group, 20% respondents is between 40-50 age group and 10% respondents are between 50-60 age group. SEX Particulars No of Respondent %age Male 70 70% Female 30 30% Total 100 100% Analysis From the preceding(prenominal) result we come to know that out of 100, 62 respondents are male and 38 are female which is 62% and 38% are respectively. recital From the preceding(prenominal) data we conclude that most of our respondents are male. MARITAL STATUS Particulars No of Respondent %age marital 33 33% Unmarried 67 67% Total 100 100% pic Analysis From the above study we find that out of 100%, 33% respondents are married and 67% respondents are unmarried. Interpretation Most of the respondents of our survey are Unmarried. Q4 HIGHEST EDUCATIONAL QUALIFICATION- Particulars No of Respondent % age Matric 4 4% Senior Secondary 14 14% Graduate 46 46% Post grade 36 36% Total 100 100% pic Analysis This analysis shows that out of 100 respondent, 46% respondents are graduate & professional, 36% respondents are post graduate, 14% respondents are senior secondary and 2% respondents are of Matric category. All the respondents of our survey are qualified. Interpretation From the above data we conclude that most of our respondents are Graduates & professional degree holders.OCCUPATION Particulars No of Respondent %age of respondents Businessman 32 32% Government Employee 28 28% Student 24 24% Others 16 16% Analysis From the above analysis it is clear that 32% respondents are doing their own business, 28% are employees and 16% respondents belong to other category And 24% of our respondents are students. Most of the respondents of our survey are Businessmen. Interpretation From the Above data we conclude that most of our survey respondents are businessmen. DATA COLLECTION selective information was collected using two main methods COLLECTION OF DATA LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY Due to constraints of time and resources, the study is likely to suffer from certain limitations. Some of these are mentioned here under so that the findings of the study may be understood in a proper perspective. The limitations of the study are Some of the respondents of the survey were un unbidden to share information. ? The research was carried out in a short period of 6 weeks . Therefore the sample size and other parameters were selected accordingly so as to finish the work within the given time frame. ? The information given by the respondents might be biased because some of them might not be interested to give correct information. ? The officials of the bank back up me a lot, but did not have sufficient time to make the points more clear. Analysis of Data collected 1. The respondents were asked about which banking sectors services do their avail. remand1 banking sectors services which the respondents avail. Banking sector keep down of respondents Public 32 Private 38 Both 30 interpret 1 Banking Sectors services which the respondents avails INTERTRETATION-It was lay down that most of the respondents were availing services of private sectors banks while those of the public sector banks were less as compare to public sector 2. The respondents were Asked about the type of account they have in the public sector as well as Private sector banks Table 2. 1 reckon of type of account held in Public sectors banks Type of Accounts Name of Account Savings Current Demat Fixed deposits net profit Total no of respondents 50 15 6 15 14 pic Graph 2. 1 - modus operandi of type of accounts held in Public sector banks Analysis 50% people own Saving Account, 15% own Current account, 6% demat,15% fixed deposits account and 14% salary Account Interpretation It was found that in case of public sector banks, maximum number of account holders owns Saving Account. After Saving account most prefer account is salary account prefer by people and the next priority goes to fixed deposits Accounts. 3. The basic purpose of this question was to know the most preferred bank. Table 3. Number of respondents preferring different banks Names of Banks Number of respondents ICICI Bank 24 HDFC Bank 22 State Bank Grou p 20 Punjab National Bank 28 Punjab And Sind Bank 6 Analysis From above graph, it is seen that 28% stake of the respondents follows to Punjab National bank followed byICICI bank. It is the bank which provide 12-hour banking. also the ATM machine is more as compared to the other private sector banks. Interpretation From the above graph, it is seen that Punjab national is the most preferred bank as compared to other Public and Private sector Banks. The reason for gustatory modality of public sector bank is the minimum amount of deposit for saving account. 4. The aim to ask this question was to know he reasons for their preference in different banks - Table 4- Reason for account in different banks Reasons No of respondents matey Behaviour of the faculty 16 Reliability/trust 14 Quick and fast services 55 localization 15 Graph 4-Reasons for account in different banks Inpretation By analyzing this graph, we can conclude that most of the people is influenced by the quic k and speedy services provided by the bank and location is given less preference than others. 5. The respondents were asked about the facilities they were availing in public as well as private sector banks - Table 5. Number of people availing different facilities at public sector banks Facilities Availed No of respondents ATM/Debit card 60 Demat 5 Internet/Mobile/Phone Banking 15 Insurance 20 picGraph 5. 1 Number of people availing different facilities at public sector banks Interpretation From the above graph, it was found that was availed by most of the people at public sector banks was that of ATM/Debit cards which hold 90% of respondents. It is clearly find by the graph that Insurance are neck to neck holding 20% of respondent each. 6. The purpose of this question is to know the satisfaction level they were having with their banks overall performance- Public sector banks Table 6. 1 Satisfaction level of the customers regarding the facilities availed from the public se ctor banks Level of Satisfaction No. f respondents %age sensitive 12 24% Good 21 42% Very Good 27 54% Graph 6. 1 Satisfaction level of Customers regarding the facilities availed from the public sector banks. Analysis It was found that in case of public sectors banks, 18% of the respondents were highly satisfied ranked excellent from the products and services availed by them. 44% were just satisfied given very good and 38% have moderate view. Interpretation People have obscure type of view regarding public sector banks. 7.The respondents were asked that if they have given option, would they like to commove from the present banks- Table 7 Number of customers ready to modify from present bank. pic Graph 7- Number of customers ready to shift from their present bank or not. Interpretation From this above Graph, we can conclude that the number of respondents ready to shift from their present bank is 28% while 70% customers seems to be satisfied from their bank and hence willing to shift from their present bank to other. 8. The aim to ask this question was to know whether the respondents faces any problem regarding the services provided them by their preferred bank - Table 8 Problem faced by customers. Types of problem No of respondents Time consuming 10 Introduction 8 Reference 15 Too many formalness 6 No facility of photograph instantly 4 No problem 6 pic Interpretation It was found that most of the respondents are liner problem of reference. Respondents also find that the time and too much formalities also cause problem in banks. FINDINGS OF THE STUDY More number of people have account with private banks. ? Majority of the respondents whether in public sectors or in private sector banks have savings account with banks. ? Number of problem faced by the people is more in public sector banks. ? People want a change in the behavior of the staff of the public sector banks. ? People are more satisfied form the private sector banks due to their be tter services provided by them in terms of speedy performances, fully computerized facilities, more work hours (in case of ICICI bank, the number of working hour are 12), good investment Advisory services, efficient and co-operative staff, better approach to Customer human relationship Management. In private sector banks proper promotional activities should be taken up so as to make the population aware of the services provided by the banks even in rural areas. ? The facility that was availed by most of the people at public sector banks was that of ATM/Debit cards. The least availed facility was that of Demat account and foreign transfer of funds. ? The facility that was availed by most of the people at private sector banks was that of Internet/Phone banking by ATM/Debit card. ? Majority of respondents do not want to shift from their present bank. ? From the above study it is clear that private banks are providing better services than nationalized banks. 5% respondents favored th at private banks are providing better services than nationalized banks while 5% respondents are not agree with it. ? From the above study it is clear that majority of the respondents said that the reasonable balance requirement for operating their saving account is between 5000-10000. 20% said it is between 10000-20000 and remain 5% said it is between 20000-50000 in private sector banks which as compared to Public sector bank is very high. ? 40% respondents said that the bank employees never pay any attention to them and 10% respondents said that their problems are not understand by bank executives. The be 50% respondents give a positive reaction in the favour of bank. 0% respondents favoured that their problems are solved by bank executives and 20% respondents said they are received with smile by bank executives. So there is a mix response. ? Majority of the respondents said that the average time taken for transactions is between 25 to 50 minutes in their bank. 30% respondents said the average time taken for transaction is between 20-25 minutes, 20% said it is between 10 to 25 min. and remaining 10% said that the average time taken for transaction by their bank is 5 to 10 minutes. ? From the above study is clear that the banks do not organize any customer meets. All the 100% respondents said that their bank does not organize any customers meets to resolve their problems.Customer satisfaction is the demand of time, so the banks should organize customer meets to resolve the problems of their customers. ? From the above study it is clear that majority of the respondents are ready to pay nominal charges for better services provided by private banks while 40% respondents are not ready to pay any nominal charges. ? The above study depicts that 60% respondent said that their bank updates them time to time about the latest facilities and remaining 40% said that their bank doesnt update them. pic SUGGESTIONS Based on the study conducted, There are some of the sugg estions given by the customers of how the modern banking should be.These are the comment given by them about the improvement of the banking sector in India. ? Banks should obey the RBI norms and provide facilitiesas per the norms, which are not being followed by the banks. While the customer must be given prompt services and the bank officer should not have any fear on mind to provide the facilities as per RBI norms to the units going sick. ? Banks should increase the rate of saving account ? Banks should provide loan at the lower interest rate and education loans should be given with ease without much documentation. All the banks must provide loans against shares. ? Fair dealing with the customers. More contribution from the employee of the bank.The staff Should be co-operative, pally and must be capable of understanding the problems of customers ? Internet banking facility must be made available in all the banks. ? Prompt dealing with permanent customers and speedy transaction wi thout harassing the customers ? Each section of every bank should be computerized even in rural areas also. ? Real time complete(a) settlement can play a very important role. ? More ATM coverage should be provided for the convenience of the customers. ? No limit on cash withdrawls on ATM cards. ? The bank should bring out new schemes at time-to-time so that more people can be attracted. Even some gifts and prizes may be offered to the customers for their retention. 24 hours banking should be induced so as to facilitate the customers who may not have a free time in the daytime. It will help in facing the competition more effectively. ? The charges for saving account opening are high, so they should also be compactd. ? Customers generally complain that full knowledge is not granted to them. Thus the bank should in good order disclose the features of the product and services to the customers. Moreover door to door services can also be introduced by bank. ? The need of the customer sh ould properly be understood so that customer feels satisfied. The relationship value should be maintained. ? The branch should promote cooperation and coordination among employees which help them in efficient working. Maintenance of proper hierarchy should be done. A good hierarchy set up can ensure better results with in the bank. Banking sector is improving by leaps but allay it needs to be improved. Proper and efficient relationship staffs having knowledge for one stop banking, customer friendly atmosphere, and better rate of interest are need of the hour. the concept of privatization has overall improved the services in all the banks. Home banking will be order of the day. Recommendations For Public Sector Banks Bank staff should be customer friendly and highly motivated to serve the normal customer. As far as possible, banks should reduce its documentation process while providing loans. Computerization should be done in banks at all level and the operators should de properly trained. Token system should be induced so as to minimize the waiting lines in the banks. Proper ambience in the banks can develop a healthy working culture. Quick services should be provided. For Private sector Banks 24 hours banking should be induced so as to facilitate the customers who may not have free time in the day time. It will help in facing the competition more effectively. More ATM coverage should be provided for the convenience of the customers. Customer care services should be provided by banks. CONCLUSIONThe customers now days are not only exposed of what type of service is being provided by banks in India but in the world as a whole. They expect much more than what is actually being provided. So the new coming banking sector has to provide and cater to all the needs of the customers otherwise it is difficult to survive in the competition coming up. They not only expect the safety of money but also best ways to invest that money which need needs to be fulfilled . Banks need to have a better outlook towards to actually what customers are requiring. Entries of the private sector banks have made the competition tougher. If a bank is not operate properly it is being closed. So it is difficult to face these types of conditions.Here a simple philosophy can work that customers are God and we need to follow this to survive and serve better. The banking sector is poised for explosive growth. In this, scenario, it is imperative that banks adopt engineering at an aggressive Pace, if they wish to remain competitive. Mani Mamallan makes a case for banks to outsource their technology infrastructure requirement, gum olibanum enabling early adoption and increased efficiencies. In the prevailing scenario, a number of banks have adopt a new deployment strategy of infrastructure outsourcing, to lower the cost of service channels. As a result, other banks too will need to align their reinvented business models. The required changes at both the business and technology levels are enormous.In a highly competitive banking markets, early adopters are profiting from increased efficiencies. BIBLIOGRAPHY BOOKS ? Kothari C. R. (1990) Research systemology Method and Techniques Wishva Prakashan, New Delhi. ? Bodie. Z, Kane. A & Mracus. J Essentials of Investments. ? Prof. E Gordon & Dr. K. Natrajan Banking Theory Law and Practice. ? Indian financial System & Commercial Banking by Khan Masood Ahmed ? Banking in India by P. N. Varshney WEBSITES ? www. centurionbop. co. in ? www. pnbindia. com ? www. statebankofindia. com ? www. icicibank. com ? www. rbi. org. in ? www. iba. org. in ? www. knowledgestom. com ? www. igniter. com BROACHERS & PAMPHLETS Broachers and pamphlets of Saving A/c QUESTIONNAIRE Comparative Study on public and private sector banks Dear customer, We are the students of C. T. I. E. M. T. Shahpur, Jalandhar. We are undergoing the project entitled named Comparative Study on public and Private sector banks So by filling this ques tionnaire please helps us in completing our project. Q1. Which Sector bank do you have your account? Public (Private( Both ( Q2. In which bank do you have your Account? 1. 2. 3. 4. Q3. Which type of account do you have in the bank? Saving ( Current ( Demat ( F. D ( Salary (Q4 In Case you have yours Account in more than one a Bank which one is your most preferred bank (Give only one bank) Q5. Rank the selection criteria for opening account with bank? Brand Image (Services ( Location ( Charges ( Q6. Kindly rank the reasons for yours preference in this particular bank? Quick and fast services (Location ( Friendly Behavior ( Reliability ( Q7. Which facilities are you availing at your bank? Atm/Debit card ( Credit card ( Insurance ( Mobile Banking ( Q8. How often do you use debit card to shop? Occasionally(Never( Q9. How much at rest are you with your banks overall performance ? Excellent(Very Good(Good ( Q10. Any Specific services you expect from your bank ? Q11. If an option is given to you, would you like to shift from the present Bank? Yes ( No ( Q12. Do you face any problem regarding the services provided by your preferred bank? If Yes Q13. Would you like to give any suggestions for the better functioning of banks in these sectors? Public Sector Private sector 16. Any other suggestions please specify ? ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ give thanks for your valuable time given to us .We assure you that the information provided by you will remain confidential. thank for your co-operation. PERSONAL DETAILS. NAME- AGE- GENDER-.. EDUCATION- ADDRESS-. . PHONE NO. -